dr. M. Spirito

Associate Professor
Electronic Circuits and Architectures (ELCA), Department of Microelectronics

PhD thesis (Jun 2005): Enhanced Techniques for the Design and Characterization of RF Power Amplifiers
Promotor: J.N. Burghartz

Expertise: (Sub)mm-wave electronics components and systems, (Sub)mm-wave characterization techniques and test benches, advanced RF calibration concepts for room-temperature and cryogenic applications.

Themes: mm-wave sensors, Characterization and modelling up to sub THz, Microwave circuits

Biography

Marco Spirito (S’01-M’08) received the M.Sc. degree (cum laude) in electrical engineering from the University of Naples “Federico II,” Naples, Italy, in 2000, and the Ph.D. degree from the Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, in 2006. From 2000 to 2001, he was a guest at Infineon Technologies, Munich, Germany. In 2006, he joined the department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II.”

In April 2008 he joined the Electronics Research Laboratory at the Delft University of Technology as an Assistant Professor, where he is an Associate Professor since April 2013.

Dr. Spirito was the recipient of the Best Student Paper Award for his contribution to the 2002 IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting (BCTM) he received the IEEE MTT Society Microwave Prize in 2008, was a co-recipient of the best student paper award at IEEE RFIC 2011, and the GAAS Association Student Fellowship in 2012, the Best Student Paper Award in second place at the 2018 International Microwave Biomedical Conference, the Best Paper Award at the 2019 Winter ARFTG Conference, and the Best Student Paper Award at the 2019 Summer ARFTG Conference. Since 2018 he is a member of the Executive Committee (ExCom) of the The Automatic Radio Frequency Techniques Group (ARFTG) www.arftg.org.

My research focuses on the development of measurement techniques and test-benches, on the definition and implementation of novel system concepts and the improved calibration methods to reach the required performance in (sub)mm-wave frequency range. The investigation on measurement techniques starts with the implementation of novel high performance test-benches and develops into the realization of accurate measurements allowing to extract the key parameters of innovative device or sub-systems under test. The realization of unique tools (software and hardware) provides strategic know-how and infrastructures which enable the evaluation and further improvement of the system/device under test. Calibration techniques are the needed “recipes” to improve the characterization accuracy and/or provide new insight in the object under test.

Working on system level definition, calibration algorithms, and component level design allows me to effectively interact with complementary fields and colleagues, i.e., antenna and EM experts, device modelling specialists and circuit designers. Through an active co-operation, leveraging their skills, I am involved in the design, implementation and characterization of higher complexity systems operating at the frontier of high-frequency technologies.

EE1L21 EPO-2: Smart Robot Challenge

Build, program and operate a functional autonomous mobile robot

EE4605 Integrated circuits and systems for wireless applications

Design and analysis of typical RF IC building blocks in a wireless transceiver

EE4730 High frequency wireless architectures

EE4C05 Electromagnetics

Basic introduction to the fundamental concepts of the Electromagnetics (EM)

EE4C13 Wireless systems for electrical engineering applications

Commonly used RF electronics architectures in wireless systems, with the requirements on their building blocks.

Education history

EE3360TU Transmission Lines

(not running)

EE3385TU Phased Steering System

(not running) 5G and AutoRadar

Towards Energy-Efficient Tbps Wireless Links

EU project

THz silicon-Integrated CAMera for low-cost imaging applications

Develop a real-time multi pixel passive radiometer, operating between 0.1 THz and 1THz, integrated in a silicon based technology, with temperature resolution better than 1K

Microwave measurements for planar circuits and components

PlanarCal aims to aim of the project is to enable traceable measurement of integrated planar circuits and components from radio-frequency (RF) to sub-mm frequencies.

Integrated Near Field sensOrs for high Resolution MicrowavE spectRoscopy

The goal of this project is the creation of a new class of sensors, enabling fast and accurate dielectric characterization of biological samples, with high-sensitivity and high-spatial resolution.

Non-Galvanic Contactless Connectors for Power and Data Transfer

The WiCon project will provide low-cost, highly-integrated system solutions for galvanic connectors replacement in the consumer and industrial market segments.

Projects history

WAtt LEvel transmitters at mm-waves

The WhALE project targets, employing complementary expertise in the field of electromagnetics, system integration and integrated circuit design, to develop the next generation of mmwave transmitters.

STW Take-off phase1: High gamma vector network analysis

HΓ-VNA targets the implementation of a new measurement technique, enabling accurate characterization of electronic devices as well as biological and organic materials, which share the common characteristic of presenting extreme loading condition in the RF/Microwave frequency range.

Metrology for optical and RF communication systems

To develop traceable methods for RF power and MIMO antenna measurements and cost-effective metrological solutions for smart, adaptive, reconfigurable and wearable antennas.

THz silicon-integrated camera for low-cost imaging applications

Develop a real-time multi pixel passive radiometer, operating between 0.1 THz and 1THz, integrated in a silicon based technology, with temperature resolution better than 1K

Dotseven

DOTSEVEN is a very ambitious 3.5 year R&D project targeting the development of silicon germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technologies with cut-off frequencies (fmax) up to 700 GHz.

From RF to MMW and THz silicon SoC technologies

Silicon technology platforms for emerging RF, millimetre-wave and THz consumer applications.

  1. A Four-Way Series Doherty Digital Polar Transmitter at mm-Wave Frequencies
    Mortazavi, Mohsen; Shen, Yiyu; Mul, Dieuwert; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Spirito, Marco; Babaie, Masoud;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 57, Issue 3, pp. 803-817, 2022. DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2021.3133861

  2. A 30GHz 4-way Series Doherty Digital Polar Transmitter Achieving 18% Drain Efficiency and -27.6dB EVM while Transmitting 300MHz 64-QAM OFDM Signal
    Mortazavi, Mohsen; Shen, Yiyu; Mul, Dieuwert. P. N.; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Spirito, Marco; Babaie, Masoud;
    In 2021 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC),
    pp. 1-2, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/CICC51472.2021.9431396

  3. A Novel Calibration Method for Active Interferometer-Based VNAs
    Mubarak, F. A.; Romano, R.; Rietveld, G.; Spirito, M.;
    IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
    Volume 30, Issue 8, pp. 829-832, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2020.3006701

  4. Hardware and Software Solutions for Active Frequency Scalable (Sub)mm-Wave Load–Pull
    De Martino, Carmine; Galatro, Luca; Romano, Raffaele; Parisi, Gaetano; Spirito, Marco;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 68, Issue 9, pp. 3769-3775, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2020.3005178

  5. Wideband Double Leaky Slot Lens Antennas in CMOS Technology at Submillimeter Wavelengths
    van Berkel, Sven; Malotaux, Eduard Satoshi; De Martino, Carmine; Spirito, Marco; Cavallo, Daniele; Neto, Andrea; Llombart, Nuria;
    IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology,
    Volume 10, Issue 5, pp. 540-553, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2020.3006750

  6. Equivalent Circuit Modeling of a Single-Ended Patch Sensing Element in Integrated Technology
    Shivamurthy, Harshitha Thippur; Hu, Zhebin; Vlachogiannakis, Gerasimos; Spirito, Marco; Neto, Andrea;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 68, Issue 1, pp. 17-26, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2956938

  7. System NEP Verification of a Wideband THz Direct Detector in CMOS
    van Berkel, S.L.; Malotaux, E.S.; de Martino, C.; Spirito, M.; Cavallo, D.; Neto, A.; Llombart, N.;
    In 2020 45th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-1, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/IRMMW-THz46771.2020.9370624

  8. Towards Commercially Available Quartz Calibration Substrates
    Galatro, Luca; De Martino, Carmine; van ‘t Hof, Jos; Alomari, Mohammed; Sailer, Holger; Burghartz, Joachim; Spirito, Marco;
    In 2020 95th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-5, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG47271.2020.9241374

  9. Over-the-Air Characterization Of mm-Wave On-Chip Antennas and Tx Modules, Concept and Calibration
    De Martino, C.; Visweswaran, Akshay; Spirito, M.;
    In 2020 95th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-4, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG47271.2020.9241375

  10. Vector gain based EVM estimation at mm-wave frequencies
    Van ‘t Hof, J.; De Martino, C.; Malotaux, S.; Squillante, M.; Marchetti, M.; Galatro, L.; Spirito, M.;
    In 2020 95th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-5, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG47271.2020.9241384

  11. An integrated 132-147GHz power source with +27dBm EIRP
    Visweswaran, Akshay; Haag, Alexander; de Martino, Carmine; Schneider, Karina; Maiwald, Tim; Vignon, Bastien; Aufinger, Klaus; Spirito, Marco; Zwick, Thomas; Wambacq, Piet;
    In 2020 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC),
    pp. 219-222, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/RFIC49505.2020.9218353

  12. Automated Contacting of On-Wafer Devices for RF Testing
    Mubarak, F.; Martino, C. D.; Toskovic, R.; Rietveld, G.; Spirito, M.;
    In 2020 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM),
    pp. 1-2, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/CPEM49742.2020.9191800

  13. Noise Behavior and Implementation of Interferometer-Based Broadband VNA
    Mubarak, Faisal Ali; Romano, Rafaelle; Galatro, Luca; Mascolo, Vincenzo; Rietveld, Gert; Spirito, Marco;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 67, Issue 1, pp. 249-260, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2874667

  14. Miniaturized Broadband Microwave Permittivity Sensing for Biomedical Applications
    Vlachogiannakis, Gerasimos; Hu, Zhebin; Shivamurthy, Harshitha Thippur; Neto, Andrea; Pertijs, Michiel A. P.; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Spirito, Marco;
    IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology,
    Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 48-55, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2018.2882564

  15. High Resolution Passive THz Imaging Array With Polarization Reusage in 22nm CMOS
    van Berkel, S. L.; Malotaux, E. S.; van den Bogert, B.; Spirito, M.; Cavallo, D.; Neto, A.; Llombart, N.;
    In 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2019.8874183

  16. A TRL Error-box Split Procedure to Compensate for the Bias Dependency Effects in Device Test-Fixtures
    De Martino, C.; Malotaux, E.S.; Spirito, M.;
    In 2019 93rd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-6, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2019.8739197

  17. The HΓ-VNA, an Interferometric Approach for the Accurate Measurement of Extreme Impedances
    Romano, Raffaele; Mubarak, Faisal; Spirito, Marco; Galatro, Luca;
    In 2019 93rd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-6, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2019.8739232

  18. A 3D Printed TE10 Rectangular to TE01 Circular Waveguide Transition for Polymer Waveguide Characterization
    Del Mastro, M.; Del Pino, M. Alonso; Spirito, M.;
    In 2019 92nd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-3, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2019.8637235

  19. A 40-nm CMOS Complex Permittivity Sensing Pixel for Material Characterization at Microwave Frequencies
    Vlachogiannakis, Gerasimos; Pertijs, Michiel A. P.; Spirito, Marco; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 66, Issue 3, pp. 1619-1634, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2753228

  20. A Compact Energy Efficient CMOS Permittivity Sensor Based on Multiharmonic Downconversion and Tunable Impedance Bridge
    Vlachogiannakis, G.; Hu, Z.; Shivamurthy, H. Thippur; Neto, A.; Pertijs, M.A.P; de Vreede, L. C. N.; Spirito, M.;
    In 2018 IEEE International Microwave Biomedical Conference (IMBioC),
    pp. 1-3, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/IMBIOC.2018.8428950

  21. A 5×5 Microwave Permittivity Sensor Matrix in O.14-m CMOS
    Hu, Zhebin; Vlachogiannakis, Gerasimos; Pertijs, Michiel A.P.; de Vreede, Leo; Spirito, Marco;
    In 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS,
    pp. 1160-1163, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439438

  22. A Planar Near-Field Setup for Millimeter-Wave System-Embedded Antenna Testing
    M. Alonso-delPino; M. d. Rosa; M. Simeoni; M. Spella; C. De Martino; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,
    Volume 16, pp. 83-86, 2017.

  23. Millimeter-Wave On-Wafer TRL Calibration Employing 3-D EM Simulation-Based Characteristic Impedance Extraction
    L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume PP, Issue 99, pp. 1-9, 2017.

  24. Performance of THz Components Based on Microstrip PECVD SiNx Technology
    M. Finkel; H. Thierschmann; L. Galatro; A. J. Katan; D. J. Thoen; P. J. de Visser; M. Spirito; T. M. Klapwijk;
    IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology,
    Volume 7, Issue 6, pp. 765-771, Nov 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2017.2759507
    Keywords: ... Coplanar waveguides;Couplers;Dielectrics;Power transmission lines;Probes;Standards;Transmission line measurements;Coupling circuits;micromechanical devices;submillimeter wave circuits;thin film circuits.

  25. A Total-Power Radiometer Front End in a 0.25- $mu textm$ BiCMOS Technology With Low $1/f$ -Corner
    S. Malotaux; M. Babaie; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 52, Issue 9, pp. 2256-2266, Sept 2017. DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2705659
    Keywords: ... 1/f noise;BiCMOS integrated circuits;Ge-Si alloys;carbon;low noise amplifiers;millimetre wave amplifiers;millimetre wave detectors;radiometers;semiconductor materials;white noise;1/f -noise corner;BiCMOS technology;LNA;NEP;SiGe:C;bandwidth 6 GHz;frequency 56 GHz;heterojunction bipolar transistor;high-sensitivity millimeter-wave total-power radiometer front-end;large area high resistive value load resistor;low noise-equivalent power;low transformation ratio;optimum bias;size 0.25 nm;two cascode stage low-noise amplifier;voltage-driven common-emitter square-law detector;white noise;wideband signal transfer;Antennas;Bandwidth;BiCMOS integrated circuits;Detectors;Radio frequency;Radiometry;Signal to noise ratio;Direct detection;flicker noise;low-noise amplifier (LNA);millimeter-wave (mm-wave);radiometer;square-law detector.

  26. Capacitively Loaded Inverted CPWs for Distributed TRL-Based De-Embedding at (Sub) mm-Waves
    L. Galatro; A. Pawlak; M. Schroter; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume PP, Issue 99, pp. 1-11, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2727498
    Keywords: ... Calibration;Coplanar waveguides;Dielectrics;Impedance;Power transmission lines;Substrates;Transmission line measurements;CPW;VNA.;distributed de-embedding;millimeter waves;silicon;slow wave;thru-reflect line (TRL).

  27. Wideband single pixel radiometer in CMOS
    S. L. van Berkel; E. S. Malotaux; D. Cavallo; M. Spirito; A. Neto; N. Llombart;
    In 2017 42nd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, Aug 2017. DOI: 10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2017.8067166
    Keywords: ... CMOS integrated circuits;broadband antennas;millimetre wave antennas;p-n junctions;radiometers;semiconductor diodes;submillimetre wave antennas;submillimetre wave detectors;CMOS technology;antenna-detector impedance mismatch;frequency 10.0 Hz;frequency 200.0 GHz to 600.0 GHz;passive uncooled radiometer pixel;pn-junction diode;size 28.0 nm;temperature 2.6 K;uncooled imaging capabilities;wideband antenna;wideband single pixel radiometer;Antennas;Detectors;Imaging;Lenses;Radiometry;Schottky diodes;Silicon.

  28. Integrated waveguide power combiners with artificial dielectrics for mm-wave systems
    Z. Hu; M. Alonso-delPino; D. Cavallo; H. T. Shivamurthy; M. Spirito;
    In 2017 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS),
    pp. 646-649, June 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2017.8058652
    Keywords: ... dielectric materials;elemental semiconductors;power combiners;silicon;waveguides;BiCMOS technology implementation;E field probes;N:1 power combiner;Si;artificial dielectrics;back-end-of-line;back-to-back-combiner operation;capacitive resonance;frequency 240.0 GHz to 310.0 GHz;full wave EM simulations;full-wave electromagnetic simulations;input feeding;insertion losses;integrated waveguide power combiners;mm-wave systems;power combiner operation;signal summation;silicon technologies;single transverse plane;synthetic waveguides;BiCMOS integrated circuits;Impedance;Pins;Power combiners;Probes;Prototypes;(sub)millimeter-wave;BiCMOS;Integrated circuit;artificial dielectric;power combiner;waveguide.

  29. A near-field setup with independent amplitude and phase control of the stimuli for phased antenna testing
    C. De Martino; M. Spirito; I. E. Lager; M. Simeoni;
    In 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP),
    pp. 2851-2855, March 2017. DOI: 10.23919/EuCAP.2017.7928515
    Keywords: ... antenna phased arrays;antenna testing;digital-analogue conversion;mixers (circuits);phase control;Cartesian modulation;broadband passive IQ-mixers;complex antenna array;delay mismatch compensation;far-field radiation pattern;high-resolution DAC;high-resolution digital-to-analogue converters;independent amplitude control;loss compensation;near-field antenna setup;phase coherent signals;phase control;phased antenna array testing;quadrature signal;Antenna arrays;Antenna measurements;Antenna radiation patterns;Calibration;Europe;Testing.

  30. Near- and Far-Field Characterization of Planar mm-Wave Antenna Arrays with Waveguide-to-Microstrip Transition
    Salhi, Mohammed Adnan; Kazemipour, Alireza; Gentille, Gennaro; Spirito, Marco; Kleine-Ostmann, Thomas; Schrader, Thorsten;
    Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves,
    Volume 37, Issue 9, pp. 857--873, 2016.
    document

  31. Contactless Measurement of Absolute Voltage Waveforms by a Passive Electric-Field Probe
    Hou, Rui; Spirito, Marco; Van Rijs, Fred; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
    Volume 26, Issue 12, pp. 1008-1010, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2623250

  32. Nonintrusive Near-Field Characterization of Spatially Distributed Effects in Large-Periphery High-Power GaN HEMTs
    Hou, Rui; Lorenzini, Martino; Spirito, Marco; Roedle, Thomas; van Rijs, Fred; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 64, Issue 11, pp. 4048-4062, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2613525

  33. Branchline and directional THz coupler based on PECVD SiNx-technology
    M. Finkel; H. R. Thierschmann; L. Galatro; A. J. Katan; D. J. Thoen; P. J. de Visser; M. Spirito; T. M. Klapwijk;
    In 2016 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, Sept 2016.

  34. Characterization of broadband low-NEP SiGe square-law detectors for mm-wave passive imaging
    E. S. Malotaux; M. Spirito;
    In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS),
    pp. 1-4, May 2016.

  35. On the definition of reference planes in probe-level calibrations
    L. Galatro; F. Mubarak; M. Spirito;
    In 2016 87th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-4, May 2016.

  36. BiCMOS integrated waveguide with artificial dielectric at submillimeter wave frequencies
    M. A. d. Pino; H. T. Shivamurthy; D. Cavallo; L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS),
    pp. 1-4, May 2016.

  37. A passive total power radiometer in 0.25 #x00B5;m SiGe BiCMOS for millimeter-wave imaging
    E. S. Malotaux; M. Spirito;
    In 2016 IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting (BCTM),
    pp. 118-121, Sept 2016.

  38. Power level control of mm-wave test benches for accurate small and large-signal DUT measurements
    C. D. Martino; Z. Hu; L. Galatro; G. Sarris; M. Spirito;
    In 2016 88th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-4, Dec 2016.

  39. A 40-nm CMOS permittivity sensor for chemical/biological material characterization at RF/microwave frequencies
    Vlachogiannakis, Gerasimos; Spirito, Marco; Pertijs, Michiel A. P.; de Vreede, Leo C.N.;
    In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS),
    pp. 1-4, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2016.7540260

  40. Design, Fabrication, and Measurements of a 0.3 THz On-Chip Double Slot Antenna Enhanced by Artificial Dielectrics
    W. H. Syed; G. Fiorentino; D. Cavallo; M. Spirito; P. M. Sarro; A. Neto;
    IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology,
    Volume 5, Issue 2, pp. 288-298, March 2015.

  41. Silicon-Based Technology for Integrated Waveguides and mm-Wave Systems
    Jovanović, Vladimir; Gentile, Gennaro; Dekker, Ronald; de Graaf, Pascal; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Nanver, Lis K.; Spirito, Marco;
    IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices,
    Volume 62, Issue 10, pp. 3153-3159, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/TED.2015.2466441

  42. A wideband 60 GHz class-E/F2 power amplifier in 40nm CMOS
    M. Babaie; R. B. Staszewski; L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC),
    pp. 215-218, May 2015.

  43. Improved RSOL planar calibration via EM modelling and reduced spread resistive layers
    M. Spirito; L. Galatro; G. Lorito; T. Zoumpoulidis; F. Mubarak;
    In 2015 86th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-5, Dec 2015.

  44. An IQ-steering technique for amplitude and phase control of mm-wave signals
    A. Visweswaran; C. de Martino; E. Sirignano; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 86th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-4, Dec 2015.

  45. A simplified calibration procedure for on-wafer power levelled S-parameter measurements at mm-wave
    S. Galbano; L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 85th Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-3, May 2015.

  46. Evaluation and modeling of measurement resolution of a vector network analyzer for extreme impedance measurements
    F. Mubarak; R. Romano; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 86th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-3, Dec 2015.

  47. BiCMOS integrated waveguide power combiner at submillimeter-wave frequencies
    M. Alonso-delPino; D. Cavallo; H. Thippur-Shivamurthy; H. Gao; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 40th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, Aug 2015.

  48. Calibration and characterization techniques for on-wafer device characterization
    L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 IEEE 13th International New Circuits and Systems Conference (NEWCAS),
    pp. 1-4, June 2015.

  49. Medium-range propagation flexible waveguides at millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave frequencies
    M. Alonso-delPino; N. Llombart; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 40th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, Aug 2015.

  50. Power control for S-parameters and large signal characterization at (sub)-mmWave frequencies
    L. Galatro; S. Galbano; A. Santaniello; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 85th Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG),
    pp. 1-4, May 2015.

  51. An I/Q-mixer-steering interferometric technique for high-sensitivity measurement of extreme impedances
    G. Vlachogiannakis; H. T. Shivamurthy; M. A. D. Pino; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium,
    pp. 1-4, May 2015.

  52. Analysis of residual errors due to calibration transfer in on-wafer measurements at mm-wave frequencies
    L. Galatro; M. Spirito;
    In 2015 IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting - BCTM,
    pp. 141-144, Oct 2015.

  53. Non-intrusive near-field characterization of distributed effects in large-periphery LDMOS RF power transistors
    Hou, Rui; Spirito, Marco; Heeres, Rob; van Rijs, Fred; de Vreede, Leo C.N.;
    In 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium,
    pp. 1-3, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2015.7166945

  54. Front-to-back ratio enhancement of on-chip antenna using artificial dielectrics at 300 GHz
    W. H. Syed; G. Fiorentino; D. Cavallo; M. Spirito; A. Neto; P. M. Sarro;
    In 2014 USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium),
    pp. 140-140, July 2014.

  55. A method for de-embedding cable flexure errors in S-parameter measurements
    F. Mubarak; G. Rietveld; M. Spirito;
    In 83rd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-5, June 2014.

  56. Enhancement of front to back ratio of on chip antenna by artificial dielectrics at 300 GHz
    W. H. Syed; G. Fiorentino; D. Cavallo; M. Spirito; A. Neto; P. M. Sarro;
    In 2014 39th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz),
    pp. 1-2, Sept 2014.

  57. A package-integratable six-port reflectometer for power devices
    Venter, Razvan G.; Rui Hou; Buisman, Koen; Spirito, Marco; Werner, Klaus; de Vreede, Leo C.N.;
    In 2014 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS2014),
    pp. 1-4, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2014.6848549

  58. A 60-GHz Passive Broadband Multibeam Antenna System in Fused Silica Technology
    F. Foglia Manzillo; R. Nastri; M. Spella; G. Gentile; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,
    Volume 12, pp. 1376-1379, 2013.

  59. Silicon-Filled Rectangular Waveguides and Frequency Scanning Antennas for mm-Wave Integrated Systems
    Gentile, Gennaro; Jovanović, Vladimir; Pelk, Marco J.; Jiang, Lai; Dekker, Ronald; de Graaf, P.; Rejaei, Behzad; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Nanver, Lis K.; Spirito, Marco;
    IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
    Volume 61, Issue 12, pp. 5893-5901, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2013.2281518

  60. Multimode analysis of transmission lines and substrates for (sub)mm-wave calibration
    M. Spirito; G. Gentile; A. Akhnoukh;
    In 82nd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-6, Nov 2013.

  61. Ultra-wide band CPW to substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transition based on a U-shaped slot antenna
    Gentile, G.; Rejaei, B.; Jovanović, V.; Nanver, L.K.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Spirito, M.;
    In 2013 European Microwave Integrated Circuit Conference,
    pp. 25-28, 2013.

  62. A CMOS-compatible metamaterial to enhance the front to back radiation ratio in terahertz antenna for sensing application
    G. Fiorentino; W. Syed; F. Santagata; M. Spirito; G. Pandraud; A. Neto; P. M. Sarro; A. J. L. Adam;
    In 2013 IEEE SENSORS,
    pp. 1-4, Nov 2013.

  63. Characterizing cable flexure effects in S-parameter measurements
    F. Mubarak; G. Rietveld; D. Hoogenboom; M. Spirito;
    In 82nd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-7, Nov 2013.

  64. An FM demodulator operating across 2 #x2013;10GHz IF
    A. Visweswaran; J. R. Long; L. Galatro; M. Spirito; R. B. Staszewski;
    In 2013 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC),
    pp. 213-216, June 2013.

  65. Large signal characterization of millimeter wave devices using mixed signal active load-pull
    L. Galatro; A. Akhnoukh; P. Magn�e; M. Marchetti; M. Spirito;
    In 82nd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-5, Nov 2013.

  66. Non-intrusive characterization of active device interactions in high-efficiency power amplifiers
    Hou, Rui; Spirito, Marco; Gajadharsing, John; de Vreede, Leo C.N.;
    In 2013 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT),
    pp. 1-3, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2013.6697599

  67. Device characterization for LTE applications with wideband baseband, fundamental and harmonic impedance control
    Manjanna, A. Kumar; Marchetti, M.; Buisman, K.; Spirito, M.; Pelk, M. J.; de Vreede, L. C. N.;
    In 2013 European Microwave Conference,
    pp. 255-258, 2013. DOI: 10.23919/EuMC.2013.6686639

  68. Synthesized pulsed bias for device characterization
    Kumar Manjanna, A.; Buisman, K.; Spirito, M.; Marchetti, M.; Pelk, M.; de Vreede, L. C. N.;
    In 81st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-4, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2013.6579031

  69. Passive Circuit Technologies for mm-Wave Wireless Systems on Silicon
    J. R. Long; Y. Zhao; W. Wu; M. Spirito; L. Vera; E. Gordon;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 59, Issue 8, pp. 1680-1693, Aug 2012.

  70. An Experimental Power-Lines Model for Digital ASICs Based on Transmission Lines
    M. Costagliola; D. de Caro; A. Girardi; R. Izzi; N. Rinaldi; M. Spirito; P. Spirito;
    IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems,
    Volume 20, Issue 1, pp. 162-166, Jan 2012.

  71. 60 GHz mixed signal active load-pull system for millimeter wave devices characterization
    L. Galatro; M. Marchetti; M. Spirito;
    In 80th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-6, Nov 2012.

  72. Silicon integrated waveguide technology for mm-wave frequency scanning array
    Gentile, G.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N; Rejaei, B.; Dekker, R.; de Graaf, P.;
    In 2012 7th European Microwave Integrated Circuit Conference,
    pp. 234-237, 2012.

  73. Contactless measurement of in-circuit reflection coefficients
    Rui Hou; Spirito, Marco; Kooij, Bert-Jan; van Rijs, Fred; de Vreede, Leo C.N.;
    In 2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest,
    pp. 1-3, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259588

  74. Silicon VLSI catches the millimeter wave
    J. R. Long; W. L. Chan; Y. Zhao; M. Spirito;
    IEEE Communications Magazine,
    Volume 49, Issue 10, pp. 182-189, Oct 2011.

  75. A 4dB NF 60GHz-band low-noise amplifier with balanced outputs
    Y. Jin; J. R. Long; M. Spirito;
    In 2011 IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting,
    pp. 115-118, Oct 2011.

  76. A 7dB NF 60GHz-band millimeter-wave transconductance mixer
    Y. Jin; J. R. Long; M. Spirito;
    In 2011 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium,
    pp. 1-4, June 2011.

  77. Compact mm-wave power combiners in 65nm CMOS-SOI
    Y. Zhao; J. R. Long; M. Spirito;
    In 2011 IEEE 11th Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems,
    pp. 33-36, Jan 2011.

  78. A 60GHz-band 20dBm power amplifier with 20% peak PAE
    Y. Zhao; J. R. Long; M. Spirito;
    In 2011 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium,
    pp. 1-4, June 2011.

  79. Circuit technologies for mm-wave wireless systems on silicon
    J. R. Long; Y. Zhao; Y. Jin; W. Wu; M. Spirito;
    In 2011 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC),
    pp. 1-8, Sept 2011.

  80. A +18dBm, 79 #x2013;87.5GHz bandwidth power amplifier in 0.13 #x00B5;m SiGe-BiCMOS
    Y. Zhao; J. R. Long; M. Spirito; A. B. Akhnoukh;
    In 2011 IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting,
    pp. 17-20, Oct 2011.

  81. An effective key management scheme for mobile heterogeneous sensor networks
    S. U. Khan; L. Lavagno; C. Pastrone; M. Spirito;
    In International Conference on Information Society (i-Society 2011),
    pp. 98-103, June 2011.

  82. An energy and memory-efficient key management scheme for mobile heterogeneous sensor networks
    S. U. Khan; C. Pastrone; L. Lavagno; M. A. Spirito;
    In 2011 6th International Conference on Risks and Security of Internet and Systems (CRiSIS),
    pp. 1-8, Sept 2011.

  83. Millimeter-wave integrated waveguides on silicon
    Gentile, G.; Dekker, R.; de Graaf, P.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L. C. N.; Rejaei, B.;
    In 2011 IEEE 11th Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems,
    pp. 37-40, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/SIRF.2011.5719314

  84. Silicon Filled Integrated Waveguides
    Gentile, G.; Dekker, Ronald; de Graaf, Pascal; Spirito, M.; Pelk, M. J.; de Vreede, L. C. N.; Rejaei Salmassi, B.;
    IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
    Volume 20, Issue 10, pp. 536-538, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2010.2063420

  85. A 60GHz-band 2 #x00D7;2 phased-array transmitter in 65nm CMOS
    W. L. Chan; J. R. Long; M. Spirito; J. J. Pekarik;
    In 2010 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC),
    pp. 42-43, Feb 2010.

  86. Compact transformer power combiners for millimeter-wave wireless applications
    Y. Zhao; J. R. Long; M. Spirito;
    In 2010 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium,
    pp. 223-226, May 2010.

  87. A 60GHz-band Millimeter-wave active balun with #x00B1;5 #x00B0; phase error
    Y. Jin; M. Spirito; J. R. Long;
    In The 5th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference,
    pp. 210-213, Sept 2010.

  88. Antenna interface for mm-wave communication
    S. Malevsky; M. Spirito; J. R. Long;
    In 2010 Loughborough Antennas Propagation Conference,
    pp. 565-568, Nov 2010.

  89. A multi-step phase calibration procedure for closely spaced multi-tone signals
    Mirra, M.; Marchetti, M.; Tessitore, F.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Betts, L.;
    In 75th ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-5, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2010.5496320

  90. A mixed-signal load-pull system for base-station applications
    Marchetti, Mauro; Heeres, Rob; Squillante, Michele; Pelk, Marco; Spirito, Marco; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    In 2010 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium,
    pp. 491-494, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/RFIC.2010.5477381

  91. Enhanced RF power amplifiers and device characterization setups using coherent mixed-signal techniques
    de Vreede, L.C.N.; Pelk, M.; Neo, E.; Qureshi, J.; Spirito, M.; Squillante, M.; Marchetti, M.;
    In 2010 IEEE 11th Annual Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON),
    pp. 1-5, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2010.5461858

  92. Millimeter-wave passive components on silicon for wireless communication applications
    Y. Zhao; Y. Jin; M. Spirito; J. R. Long;
    In 2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems - (ICECS 2009),
    pp. 972-975, Dec 2009.

  93. Thermal simulation and ultrafast IR temperature mapping of a Smart Power Switch for automotive applications
    M. Riccio; A. Irace; G. Breglio; P. Spirito; V. Kosel; M. Glavanovics; A. Satka;
    In 2009 21st International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices IC's,
    pp. 200-203, June 2009.

  94. A 60GHz-band 1V 11.5dBm power amplifier with 11% PAE in 65nm CMOS
    W. L. Chan; J. R. Long; M. Spirito; J. J. Pekarik;
    In 2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers,
    pp. 380-381,381a, Feb 2009.

  95. Energy Detection Spectrum Sensing with Discontinuous Primary User Signal
    F. Penna; C. Pastrone; M. A. Spirito; R. Garello;
    In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications,
    pp. 1-5, June 2009.

  96. Probability of Missed Detection in Eigenvalue Ratio Spectrum Sensing
    F. Penna; R. Garello; M. A. Spirito;
    In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications,
    pp. 117-122, Oct 2009.

  97. A mixed-signal approach for high-speed fully controlled multidimensional load-pull parameters sweep
    Squillante, Michele; Marchetti, Mauro; Spirito, Marco; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    In 2009 73rd ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference,
    pp. 1-5, 2009. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2009.5278074

  98. Active Harmonic Load–Pull With Realistic Wideband Communications Signals
    Marchetti, Mauro; Pelk, Marco J.; Buisman, Koen; Neo, W. C. Edmund; Spirito, Marco; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 56, Issue 12, pp. 2979-2988, 2008. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2008.2007330

  99. A Monolithic Low-Distortion Low-Loss Silicon-on-Glass Varactor-Tuned Filter With Optimized Biasing
    Buisman, Koen; de Vreede, Leo C. N.; Larson, Lawrence E.; Spirito, Marco; Akhnoukh, Atef; Lin, Yu; Liu, Xiao-dong; Nanver, Lis K.;
    IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
    Volume 17, Issue 1, pp. 58-60, 2007. DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2006.887262

  100. Active Harmonic Load–Pull for On-Wafer Out-of-Band Device Linearity Optimization
    Spirito, Marco; Pelk, Marco J.; van Rijs, Fred; Theeuwen, Steven J. C. H.; Hartskeerl, Dave; de Vreede, Leo C. N.;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 54, Issue 12, pp. 4225-4236, 2006. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2006.885568

  101. A pulsed network analyzer for high dynamic range isothermal measurements
    Marchetti, M.; Pelk, M.; Buisman, K.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L. C. N.;
    In 2006 68th ARFTG Conference: Microwave Measurement,
    pp. 1-4, 2006. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2006.8361670

  102. Surface-passivated high-resistivity silicon as a true microwave substrate
    Spirito, M.; De Paola, F.M.; Nanver, L.K.; Valletta, E.; Bifeng Rong; Rejaei, B.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 53, Issue 7, pp. 2340-2347, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2005.850435

  103. On the optimum 2nd harmonic source and load impedances for the efficiency-linearity trade-off of RF LDMOS power amplifiers
    D. M. H. Hartskeerl; I. Volokhine; M. Spirito;
    In 2005 IEEE Radio Frequency integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium - Digest of Papers,
    pp. 447-450, June 2005.

  104. “Distortion-Free” Varactor Diode Topologies for RF Adaptivity
    Buisman, K.; de Vreede, L. C. N.; Larson, L.E.; Spirito, M.; Akhnoukh, A.; Scholtes, T.L.M.; Nanver, L. K.;
    In IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2005.,
    pp. 157-160, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2005.1516547

  105. Improved hybrid SiGe HBT class-AB power amplifier efficiency using varactor-based tunable matching networks
    Neo, W.C.E.; Liu, X.; Lin, Y.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Larson, L.E.; Spirito, S.; Akhnoukh, A.; de Graauw, A.; Nanver, L.K.;
    In Proceedings of the Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting, 2005.,
    pp. 108-111, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/BIPOL.2005.1555211

  106. Experimental procedure to optimize out-of-band terminations for highly linear and power efficient bipolar class-AB RF amplifiers
    Spirito, M.; van der Heijden, M.P.; Pelk, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Zampardi, P.J.; Larson, L.E.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In Proceedings of the Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting, 2005.,
    pp. 112-115, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/BIPOL.2005.1555212

  107. Low-distortion, low-loss varactor-based adaptive matching networks, implemented in a silicon-on-glass technology
    Buisman, K.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Larson, L.E.; Spirito, M.; Akhnoukh, A.; Lin, Y.; Liu, X.; Nanver, L.K.;
    In 2005 IEEE Radio Frequency integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium - Digest of Papers,
    pp. 389-392, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/RFIC.2005.1489820

  108. Large signal verification of the circuit-oriented smoothie database model for LDMOS devices
    Cuoco, V.; Yanson, O.; Hammes, P.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Steenwijk, A.v.; Versleijen, M.; Neo, W.C.E.; Jos, H.F.F.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In 34th European Microwave Conference, 2004.,
    pp. 217-220, 2004.

  109. A technique to linearize LDMOS power amplifiers based on derivative superposition and out-of-band impedance optimization
    W.C.E. Neo; van der Heijden, M.P.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Spirito, M.; Cuoco, V.; van Rijs, F.;
    In 34th European Microwave Conference, 2004.,
    pp. 1173-1175, 2004.

  110. Base-band impedance control and calibration for on-wafer linearity measurements
    Pelk, M.J.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Spirito, M.; Jos, J.H.;
    In ARFTG 63rd Conference, Spring 2004,
    pp. 35-40, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTG.2004.1387852

  111. On the optimum biasing and input out-of-band terminations of linear and power efficient class-AB bipolar RF amplifiers
    van der Heijden, M.P.; Spirito, M.; Pelk, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Meeting,
    pp. 44-47, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/BIPOL.2004.1365741

  112. The electro-thermal Smoothie database model for LDMOS devices
    Cuoco, V.; Neo, W.C.E.; Spirito, M.; Yanson, O.; Nenadovic, N.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Jos, H.F.F.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In Proceedings of the 30th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04EX850),
    pp. 457-460, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/ESSDER.2004.1356590

  113. A novel active harmonic load-pull setup for on-wafer device linearity characterization
    Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; de Kok, M.; Pelk, M.; Hartskeerl, D.; Jos, H.F.F.; Mueller, J.E.; Burghartz, J.;
    In 2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535),
    pp. 1217-1220 Vol.2, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339207

  114. Power amplifier PAE and ruggedness optimization by second-harmonic control
    Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Nanver, L.K.; Weber, S.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 38, Issue 9, pp. 1575-1583, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2003.815918

  115. A calibration procedure for on-wafer differential load-pull measurements
    Spirito, M.; van der Heijden, M.P.; de Kok, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.;
    In 61st ARFTG Conference Digest, Spring 2003.,
    pp. 1-4, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/ARFTGS.2003.1216860

  116. A 2 GHz high-gain differential InGaP HBT driver amplifier matched for high IP3
    van der Heijden, M.P.; Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; van Straten, F.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2003,
    pp. 235-238 vol.1, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2003.1210923

  117. Low-loss passives for 2nd-harmonic termination control in power amplifiers for mobile applications
    Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Nanver, L.K.; Mueller, J.E.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In 2003 Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems, 2003. Digest of Papers.,
    pp. 49-52, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/SMIC.2003.1196666

  118. Power amplifier PAE and ruggedness optimization by second harmonic control
    Spirito, M.; de Vreede, L.C.N.; Nanver, L.K.; Weber, S.; Burghartz, J.N.;
    In Proceedings of the Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting,
    pp. 173-176, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/BIPOL.2002.1042911

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Last updated: 17 May 2023